Garrett, Allegany, and Washington counties support Maryland's Appalachian hardwood resource — white oak, red oak, maple, yellow poplar, and black cherry recognized internationally as premier material for fine furniture and cabinetry. The closure of the Verso Luke paper mill eliminated nearly one million tons of annual pulpwood demand, and much of the timber harvested in this region now travels to mills in Pennsylvania, West Virginia, and Ohio for primary processing. Despite declining harvests, growing stock volume increased 23 percent between 1986 and 2018, with trees 13 inches or larger up 69 percent. Three state forests — Savage River, Green Ridge, and Potomac-Garrett — contribute 123,247 acres of FSC and SFI certified timberland to the regional supply.

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Maryland's largest timbershed by acreage, the Eastern Shore supports the state's primary softwood resource. Loblolly pine dominates, with 671 million cubic feet of softwood growing stock, alongside hardwood volumes of soft maple, sweetgum, red oak, and yellow poplar. The region has lost an estimated 263 million board feet of milling capacity since 1983. Two pine sawmills now remain. Trees continue to mature and increase in diameter with limited market capacity to capture their value, leaving loggers and landowners with diminished economic incentive for active forest management.

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Frederick, Carroll, Baltimore, Harford, Howard, Anne Arundel, Montgomery, and Prince George's counties contain 550,194 acres of timberland — predominantly hardwood — but conventional timber operations are heavily constrained by small parcel sizes, urbanization, and regulatory complexity. In 2018, less than one percent of the growing stock was harvested. Many mills now rely on arborists and urban land clearing as their primary log source. Baltimore City's Camp Small urban wood program and emerging mass timber and thermally modified wood manufacturing represent the region's most viable near-term opportunities.

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Calvert, Charles, Prince George's, and St. Mary's counties support Maryland's smallest timbershed by revenue and employment. The forest resource is 89 percent hardwood, with yellow poplar, white oak, and sweetgum dominant alongside loblolly and shortleaf pine. Small and part-time sawmills predominate, with a significant Amish and Mennonite operator presence producing niche hardwood products for direct sale. Much of the timber value leaves the region before processing. Proximity to the Washington metropolitan area and a growing inventory of high-grade yellow poplar create opportunities for mass timber, branded regional wood products, and finish lumber markets.